In this article, you will get the answer to what is reduction
reaction for class10 with a detailed explanation compiled with definition and examples
Reduction Reaction Definition Class 10
When a substance loses oxygen during the reaction,
the reaction is called a reduction reaction.
Or
Removal of oxygen from a substance or addition of
hydrogen to a substance takes place in the reaction, which is called a reduction reaction.
ZnO
+ C → Zn + CO
In the above reaction, zinc is reduced to zinc metal.
Reduction reaction also involves the following steps
1. Removal of oxygen
When oxygen is removed or decreased from a substance, the substance gets reduced.
2KClO3 → 2KCl
+ 3O2
After losing oxygen, potassium chlorate is reduced to potassium
chloride.
2. Addition of hydrogen
When hydrogen is added or increased to a substance, the
substance gets reduced.
CH2=CH2 + H2 →CH3
- CH3
Due to the addition of hydrogen, ethene is reduced to ethane.
3. Removal of the negative element
When the negative element is removed or decreased from a substance,
the substance gets reduced.
2FeCl3 + H2 2FeCl2 + 2HCl
Due to a decrease in
chlorine (an electro-negative element), FeCl3 is reduced to FeCl2.
4. Addition of positive element
When a positive element is added or
increased to a substance, the substance gets reduced.
Cl2 + 2Na →2NaCl
Chlorine is reduced to sodium chloride with the addition of sodium(an electropositive element)
Reduction in terms of electron transfer
Those reactions in which an atom, ion, or molecule accepts an electron, are called reduction.
i. Cl + e- →Cl-
Chlorine accepts electrons and is reduced to chlorine ion (an anion)
ii. `MnO_4^- + e^- → MnO_4^(2-)`
Permanganate ion accepts electrons and reduces to manganate ion.
iii. Mg+2 + 2e- →Mg
Magnesium ion (positive ion) accepts electrons and reduces to magnesium (neutral atom)
So, these reactions show that in a reduction reaction, the neutral
atom becomes an anion, or the charge on the anion increases or the charge on the positive ion
decreases.
Examples of Reduction Reaction
1. CuO + H2 →Cu + H2O
2. Cl2 + H2 →2HCl
3. Fe2O3 + 3CO →2Fe + 3CO2
4. H2S + SO2 →3S + 2H2O
5. PbO + C → Pb + CO
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