What is displacement reaction Class 10

  Today we will find the answer to what is displacement reaction. Definitions, types and examples are discussed below so that all your doubts will be removed.

Displacement Reaction Definition

Displace = To remove

The reaction is called a displacement reaction in which one atom or a group of atoms of one compound is displaced by one atom or a group of atoms.

The reaction can be represented as follows:-

            A  + BC  →   AC  + B

This reaction is of two types-

    1.  Single Displacement Reaction

    2.  Double Displacement Reaction

    1.  Single Displacement Reaction: - A reaction in which a more reactive element displaces a less reactive element from the solution of its compound, is called single displacement or displacement.

 

`Zn + CuSO_4 →   ZnSO_4 + Cu`

In the reaction, Zn is more reactive than Cu so Zn displaces Cu from copper sulphate.

     2.  Double Displacement Reaction: - The reaction in which two different ions in the reactant molecular are displaced by each other, is called a double displacement reaction.

`Na_2SO_4   +   BaCl_2 →   BaSO_4 + 2NaCl`

 When aqueous solutions of sodium sulphate and barium chloride are mixed slowly, an insoluble solid which is barium sulphate a white precipitate

So, we can see in a double displacement reaction, there is a mutual exchange of ions between reactants.

Single Displacement Reaction Examples

Following are the examples of single displacement reaction

   1.  Displacement of copper from copper sulphate by Zinc

     `Zn + CuSO_4  →  ZnSO_4 + Cu`

   2.  Displacement of copper from copper chloride by lead

`Pb + CuCl_2  →  PbCl_2 + Cu`

   3.   Displacement of hydrogen from hydrochloric acid by zinc

       `Zn + 2HCl   →   ZnCl_2 + H_2`

 

    4.  Displacement of lead from lead nitrate solution by iron

     `Fe + Pb(NO_3)_2  → Fe(NO_3)_2   + Pb`

   5.  Displacement of hydrogen from water by Sodium

             `2Na + 2H_2O → 2NaOH + H_2`

   6.  Displacement of copper from copper chloride by magnesium.

          `Mg +  CuCl_2   →MgCl_2  + Cu`

   7.  Displacement of silver from silver nitrate by Copper

    `Cu + 2AgNO_3 → Cu (NO_3)_2 + 2Ag`

   8.  Displacement of hydrogen from sulphuric acid by Aluminium 

     `2Al + 3H_2SO4   → Al_2(SO_4)_3 + 3H_2`

    9.  Displacementof copper from copper sulphate by Iron

    `Fe + CuSO_4 → FeSO_4 + Cu`

   10. Displacement of hydrogen from hydrochloric acid by Magnesium

    `Mg + 2HCl → MgCl_2 + H_2`

 

 In all these chemical equations, one element displaces another element from one compound.

 

 

Double Displacement Reaction Examples

Following are the examples of double displacement reaction

    1.  Barium chloride reacts with sulphuric acid to produce HCl and `BaSO_4`.

`BaCl_2  +  H_2SO_4 →BaSO_4 +2HCl`

   2.  Reaction between Sodium chloride and silver nitrate

 

       `NaCl + AgNO_3 → NaNO_3 + AgCl`

   3.  Reaction between iron sulphide and dil.  Sulphuric acid

`FeS + H_2SO_4 →FeSO_4 + H_2S`

   4.  Reaction between barium chloride and sodium sulphate

        `BaCl_2 + Na_2SO_4 → BaSO_4 + 2NaCl`

   5.  Reaction between copper sulphate and ammonium hydroxide

       

                CuSO₄  + 2 NH₄OH → Cu(OH)₂   + (NH₄)₂SO₄

 

    6.  Reaction between potassium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid

       `KOH + HCl  → KCl + H_2O`

    7.  Reaction between aluminium chloride and ammonium hydroxide

       `AlCl_3  + 3NH_4(OH)→ Al(OH)_3   +  3NH_4Cl`

    8.  Reaction between calcium carbonate and hydrochloric acid

          `CaCO_3 + 2HCl → CaCl_2 + CO_2 + H_2O`

    9.  Reaction between Lead (II) nitrate r with potassium iodide

         `Pb(NO_3)_2 + 2KI → PbI_2 + 2KNO_3`

   10.   Reaction between Calcium chloride with sodium carbonate

        `CaCl_2 + Na_2CO_3 → CaCO_3 + 2NaCl`

 

So, the above chemical equations are examples of double displacement reactions.

 

 Related Topics

1. What happens during a chemical reaction

 

FAQs

    1.  Can displacement reactions occur between non-metal elements?

Ans.-  Yes, these reactions can occur between non-metal elements.

   `2KI   + Cl_2   → 2KCl   + I_2`

    2.  Are displacement reactions reversible?

Ans. – No, displacement reactions are irreversible.

    3.  Define displacement reaction with an example.

Ans.- A displacement reaction is a chemical reaction in which one element displaces another element in a compound or a mutual exchange of ions between compounds.

`Zn + 2HCl → ZnCl_2 + H_2`

    4.  Are displacement reactions exothermic?

Ans.- Displacement reactions can be either exothermic or endothermic.