Class 9 Science Chapter 15 Questions Answers

Class 9 Science chapter 15 questions answers will help you to solve homework and home assignments related to your NCERT science book. Class 9 Science chapter 15 questions answers contain all the main and important topics. You should go through chapter 14 Natural Resource so that you will be able to understand this chapter easily.

Class 9 Science chapter 15 questions answers

You must know the topics and subtopic of Chapter 15 Improvement in Food Resources of NCERT Science for Class 9 before you go through the Solutions of Chapter 15Improvement in Food Resources of NCERT Science for Class 9.

Class 9 Science chapter 15 questions answers Overview

1. Improvements in Crop Yields
i.  Crop variety improvement
ii. Crop production improvement
a.  Nutrient management
b.  Manure
c.  Fertilizers
d.  Irrigation
e.  Cropping patterns
iii. Crop protection improvement
a. Storage of grains
2.  Animal Husbandry
i. Cattle farming
ii. Poultry farming
iii. Egge and broiler production
iv.  Fish production
a.  Marine fisheries
b.  Inland fisheries
v.  Beekeeping

 

Chapter 15 - Improvement in Food Resources

                                                  

Class 9 Science Chapter 15 Questions Answers Intext Questions 

  Class 9 Science Chapter 15 Questions Answers Page No. 204

Q.1  What do we get from cereals, pulses, fruits and vegetables?

Ans. The cereals provide us carbohydrates. The pulses give us proteins and fruits and vegetables give us a range of vitamins and minerals.  Fruits and vegetables give carbohydrates, protein fat and lots of fibres. 

 

 Class 9 Science Chapter 15 Questions Answers page no. 205

 

Q.1  How do biotic and abiotic factors affect crop production?

Ans. Biotic factors are living organisms that affect crop production-

i. By reducing crop productivity due to directly feeding on them (e.g. insects, rodents)

ii.By causing disease (e.g. viruses, bacteria, fungi, mycoplasmas, etc.)

        Abiotic factors are non-living components of the environment like water, temperature, light, cold, frost, etc. These affect crop production –

i.   Waterlogging reduces the aeration of soil which is harmful to the growth and functioning of roots.

ii. In drought, water is not available to meet the requirement of the plants for transpiration, growth, and photosynthesis.

iii.Frost, cold, and heat reduce metabolic activities and are, therefore, harmful.

iv. These factors are also responsible for the spoilage of food grains during storage.

 

Q.2What are the desirable agronomic characteristics for crop improvement?

Ans. The desirable agronomic characteristics for crop improvement are following-

(i)           Tallness and profuse branching for fodder crops.

(ii)        Dwarfness in cereals, pulses, etc.

(iii)     Number of flowers size of leaves and flowers etc.

 

Class 9 Science Chapter 15 Questions Answers page no. 206

 

Q.1What are macronutrients and why are they called macronutrients?

Ans. The macronutrients are carbon, hydrogen oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, and sulphur. They are called macronutrients because they are required by crop plants in larger amounts. Many macronutrients are required by plants for the following functions-

    Ø They are constituents of protoplasm.

    Ø Calcium is present in cell wall

    Ø Mg is a constituent of chlorophyll.

 

Q.2  How do plants get nutrients?

Ans. Plants get nutrients from air, water, and soil. Air is the source of carbon and oxygen. Hydrogen is obtained from water. The remaining 13 elements are obtained directly from the soil through root absorption.

 

 Class 9 Science Chapter 15 Questions Answers page no. 207

 

Q.1  Compare the use of manure and fertilizers in maintaining soil fertility.

Ans. Manures enrich the soil with nutrients and organic matter and increase soil fertility. The bulk of organic matter in manures helps in improving the soil texture. This increases the water holding capacity in sandy soil. In clayey soils, large quantities of organic matter help in drainage and in avoiding waterlogging.

        Fertilizers are nutrient-specific and concentrated sources of nutrients. But their continuous use of chemical fertilizers can destroy soil fertility because the organic matter in the soil is not replenished and micro-organisms in the soil are harmed by the fertilizers used.

 

  Class 9 Science Chapter 15 Questions Answers page no. 208

 

Q.1  Which of the following conditions will give the most benefits? Why?

          (a)  Farmers use high-quality seeds, do not adopt irrigation or use fertilizers.

          (b) Farmers use ordinary seeds, adopt irrigation and use fertilizers.

(c)  Farmers use seeds, adopt irrigation, use fertilizers and use crop protection measures.

Ans. The condition at (c) will give the most profit because all these conditions are required for good crop production. Farmers use High-quality seeds, adopt irrigation, use fertilizers, and crop protection methods. High-quality seeds germinate properly and grow into healthy plants. Irrigation is essential for all vital processes of plants and helps crop plants to fight against drought stress. Fertilizers provide nutrients and crop protection measures protect the plant from diseases.

 

 Class 9 Science Chapter 15 Questions Answers page no. 209

 

Q.1Why should preventive measures and biological control methods be preferred for protecting crops?

Ans. Plants are harmed if attacked by pests. Preventive measures and biological control methods are preferred for protecting crop plants because they not only prevent the stored food materials from getting, spoiled, getting infested by insects, bacteria, and microorganisms. These methods prevent crops from chemicals which are sometimes added to control the pests attacking stored food grains. These chemicals are toxic, some pesticides lead to bio-magnification. Biological methods are eco-friendly.    

 

Q.2 What factors may be responsible for losses of grains during storage?

Ans. The factors responsible for losses of grains during storage are-

(i)           Biotic factors: Bacteria, insects, fungi, birds, mites, rodents.

(ii)        Abiotic factors: Moisture, humidity, and temperature.

 

 Class 9 Science Chapter 15 Questions Answers page no. 210

 

Q.1  Which method is commonly used for improving cattle breeds and why?

Ans. Crossbreeding is commonly used for improving cattle breeds.  Exotic breeds have higher milk yield and longer lactation periods as compared to desi breeds and the local breeds are hardy and resistant to several diseases. Therefore they are crossed with each other. There are two methods of cross-breeding natural and artificial insemination. Artificial insemination is preferred as frozen semen can be transported, required in small quantity and protects the cows from contagious diseases. 

 

 Class 9 Science Chapter 15 Questions Answers page no. 211

 

Q.1  Discuss the implications of the following statement.

        “It is interesting to note that poultry in India’s most efficient converter of low fibre foodstuff (which is unfit for human consumption) into highly nutritious animals protein food”.

Ans. The low fibre foodstuff (unfit for human consumption) is the feed of fowl.  They convert this nutrient-poor feed into nutrient-rich food. When these fowls are consumed by humans as meat then it provides high nutritious animal protein. For this reason, it is said that “poultry is India’s most efficient converter of low fibre foodstuff into highly nutritious animal protein food.

Class 9 Science Chapter 15 Questions Answers page no. 211

 

Q.1  What management practices are common in dairy and poultry farming?

Ans. The principles of feeding, breeding and weeding are same in both.

(i)   Proper shelter is required. It must be hygienic and ventilated.

(ii)   Proper feed and feed additives.

(iii)     Proper drinking water.

(iv) Health care including vaccination so that they can be protected from viral and bacterial, fungal infections.

(v)         Selective breeding.

 

Q.2  What is the difference between broilers and layers and in their management?

Ans. Difference between broilers and layers.

 

         

 

 Class 9 Science Chapter 15 Questions Answers page no. 213

              

Q.1  How are fishes obtained?

Ans. There are two methods of obtaining fish- (i) capture fishery- fishes are captured form natural sources. (ii) Fish farming- It is also called culture fishery. In both case the fishes are caught with the help of net.

 

Q.2  What are the advantages of composite fish culture?

Ans. The advantages of composite fish culture are-

(i)  Five or six fish species are used in a single pond. The species of fishes do not compete for food among them because they have different types of food habits.

(ii)        Food available in all the parts/zones of the pond is utilized due to their food habits.Catlas are surface feeders, Rohus feed in the middle part of the pond, Mrigals and common carps are bottom feeders and Grass carps feed on the weeds.

(iii)    The fish yield is high as many types of fish are grown simultaneously.

Class 9 Science Chapter 15 Questions Answers no. 213

Q.1  What are the desirable characteristics of bee species suitable for honey production?

Ans. The desirable characteristics of bee species suitable for beekeeping are-

(i)           Good honey collection capacity.

(ii)        The bees should stay in given beehives for a longer period.

(iii)     Gentleness in nature.

(iv)      Prolific queen production with less swarming.

(v)         They should have a capacity of breeding well.

(vi)      Ability to protect itself from diseases and enemies.

 

Q.2  What is pasturage and how is it related to honey production?

Ans. Pasturage is the availability of flowers for nectar and pollen collection for the honey bee. The quality and taste of the honey is determined by the kind and quantity of pasturage.

 Class 9 Science Chapter 15 Questions Answers End Exercise                                                                                                                           Q.1  Explain any one method of crop production which ensures high yields.

Ans. Plant breeding is the method that ensures high yields. Some commonly used plant breeding methods for improvements are hybridization, mutation, polyploidy, and DNA recombination technology.

Hybridization refers to crossing between genetically different plants. The crossing between interverital, interspecific or intergeneric. The plants from different areas/places are picked up with the desired traits and then crossed to obtain desired characteristics.

 

Q.2  Why are manures and fertilizers used in fields?

Ans. Manures and fertilizers are added to the soil of crop fields to increase the fertility of soil and productivity of crops. They replenish the nutrients and overcome the deficiency of nutrients in the soil of the field

            Manures contain a large amount of organic matter that helps in improving the soil structure. Whereas fertilizers supply nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, they ensure good vegetative growth, giving rise to healthy plants.

 

Q.3  What are the advantages of inter-cropping and crop rotation?

Ans.   Advantages of inter-cropping-

i.      It helps to maintain soil fertility.

ii.  Increase productivity per unit area.

iii.  It saves time and labour.

iv.   Both crops can be sown, harvested, and threshed separately.

v.     Chance of spreading the diseases and pests are less.

Advantages of inter-cropping-

i.      It reduces the need of fertilizers as nitrogen supply is maintained in the crop field when legume crops are alternated with other crops.

ii.     It improves soil fertility.

iii.   It helps in weed control.

iv.    It minimize pest control

v.     It prevents change in the chemical nature of the soil.

 

Q.4  What is genetic manipulation? How is it useful in agriculture practices?

Ans. Genetic manipulation is the incorporation of desirable genes of the organism into an organism of choice to have the desired result. Genetic manipulation is useful in agricultural practices because it produces crops that have higher yields, improved quality, has biotic and abiotic resistance.

        The Genetically modified crop has desirable agronomic characteristics, wider adaptability, and its maturing duration can be changed. This can be done through hybridization. Hybridization involves crossing between genetically different plants.

        i.  It is useful in agriculture practices in the following manner-

ii.               It provides better quality

iii.            Increase yield

iv.         Improves adaptability to adverse environmental conditions

v.          Gives desirable characteristics

vi.             Shorts the maturity period

 

Q.5  How do storage grain losses occur?

Ans.  Two main factors responsible for loss of grains during storage are-

i.   Biotic factors – The organisms which influence the storage of grains are known as biotic factors like – insects, rodents, birds, fungi bacteria, mites, etc.

ii.     Abiotic factors – The climatic factors including temperature, moisture, humidity are called abiotic factors

 

Q.6  How do good animal husbandry practices benefit farmers?

Ans. Good animal husbandry practices benefit in the following way-

(i)  Improve the breeds of domesticated animals. These breeds are resistant, to disease have an increased life span and lactation period.

(ii)Help the farmers to increase the quality and yield of foodstuff such as egg, milk, meat, etc.

 

Q.7  What are the benefits of cattle farming?

Ans.  The cattle farmers are benefited in the following ways-

(i)       They get milk from cattle.

(ii) They use cattle in agricultural operations like ploughing, harrowing, etc.

(iii)     They are used in the driving cart for transportation of men and materials.

(iv)They provide manure and fuel. Agriculture and cattle farming is complementary to each other.

(v)         Provide extra income.

(vi)      They provide meat, fibre, and skin.

 

Q.8  For increasing production, what is common in poultry, fisheries, and beekeeping?

Ans.Variety improvement, shelter rearing, sanitation, disease control, and marketing.

 

Q.9  How do you differentiate between capture fishing, Marin-culture, and aquaculture?

Ans.

 

Capture Fishes	Marin Culture	Aqua culture
It is the fishing in which fishes are captured from natural resources like a pond, seawater, and rivers.	The production of marine fishes is called inland marine culture	Production of aquatic animals and plants in any resources like lagoon is called aquaculture. It is done in fresh water and marine water.

           

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