In this post, you will find NCERT Class 10 Science Book Activities Solutions Chapter 8 which is completely based on Chapter8 How Do Organisms Reproduce.
NCERT Class 10 Science Book Activities Solutions Chapter 8
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NCERT Class 10 Science Book Activities Solutions Chapter 8 |
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Explain Activity 8.1 Class 10 Science
Object
- To observe yeast cells and their asexual reproduction by budding
Materials required
– Conical flask, beaker, test tube, sugar, cotton plug, water, yeast powder,
slide coverslip, microscope.
Procedure
–At first we dissolve 10 gm of sugar in
100 ml. of water in a conical flask. Take 20 ml. of this solution in a test
tube and a pinch of yeast powder or granules in it. Put a cotton plug on the
mouth of the test tube and keep it in a warm place. After 1-2 hours, put a
small drop of this yeast culture from the test tube on a slide and cover it
with a coverslip. Observe the slide under a microscope.
Observation – Under anaerobic
conditions yeast reproduces asexually by budding. Yeast cells are oval or
spherical and appear transparent. Many cells are seen in the budding stage.
Sometimes a chain of buds is also seen.
Explain Activity 8.2 Class 10 Science
Object-
To examine the growth of bread mould Rhizopus on a moist slice of bread
Materials required - A sliced bread, Petri dish, magnifying glass, water
Procedure - Wet a slice of bread and
keep it in a cool, moist, and dark place. After 1-2 days observe the surface of
the slice with a magnifying glass. Record your observation for a week.
Observation – A white cottony growth is
seen on the surface of the bread. It gradually masses. These black dots are
present slightly above the surface. Actually, spores of fungi are a source of
food they start growing on that. Rhizopus is a very common fungus. Its spores
easily appear as white cottony mass because its body is mycelial (made of
mycelium). After sometimes it starts producing black-colored sporangia having
tiny spores. These spores are released from the sporangium and carried to
distance by wind.
Explain Activity 8.3 Class 10 Science
Object
-To study Amoeba and its binary fission by permanent slides
Materials required – Permanent slides,
microscope.
Procedure – we observe a permanent
slide of Amoeba under a microscope and similarly,
observe another permanent slide of amoeba showing binary fission. Now we compare
the observation of both the slides.
Observation - In the first, slide the irregularly shaped unicellular body of Amoeba can be seen. If we use the high-power microscope then its, the nucleus can also be seen easily. The second slide shows
different stages of binary fission of Amoeba. Constriction appearing on the
periphery in the cell membrane can be seen.
Explain Activity 8.4 Class 10 Science
Object
- To examine Spirogyra filaments
Materials Required – Bottle, pond scum
(algal filaments) collected from a pond, glass slide coverslip, needle,
glycerine.
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Collect water in a bottle
from a lake or pond that appears dark green and contains filamentous
structures.
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Put one or two filaments
on a slide with the help of a needle and spread them properly.
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Put a drop of glycerine
on these filaments and cover it with a coverslip.
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Observe under a
microscope.
Observation -Spirogyra filaments are long, elongated, and unbranched. They are green in colour. The length of the cell is more than its width and they are placed one above the other. Or the cells are united end to end. All cells are similar in shape and size. There is a spiral ribbon-shaped chloroplast in each uninucleate cell.
There is no differentiation of tissue, the cells are linearly arranged.
Explain Activity 8.5 Class 10 Science
Object
- To study the vegetative propagation in potato
Material required – Potato, cotton,
water.
Procedure- we take a potato and observe
its surface. Note all the features of the surface, (smooth, depression or
notch, a bud etc.). Now cut the potato into small pieces such that some pieces
contain a notch or bud and some do not. Spread some cotton on a small tray and
wet it. Place the potato pieces on this cotton. In a diary note a position
where the pieces with the buds are placed. Observe changes taking place in
these potato pieces over the next four days. Make sure that the cotton is kept
moistened.
Observation – Within 2-3 days green
shoots begin to come out from the eyes of potatoes. The eyes of potatoes represent
the buds present in notches. Later on,
roots are also produced. The pieces of potato which have a notch (an eye) only
produced shoot and roots. The pieces without an eye fail to sprout. It clearly
indicates that potato reproduces vegetatively (from stem tuber).
Explain Activity 8.6 Class 10 Science
Object
- To show that the money plant propagates vegetatively.
Materials required – A well-established
money plant, a blade, beakers, and water.
Procedure
- Select a money plant. Cut some pieces in
such a manner that they contain at least one leaf. Cut some other portions
between two leaves. Dip one end of all the pieces in water and observe over the
next few days.
Observation – In pieces having leaves new
shoots arise. Whereas no shoot arises from the pieces which do not have any
leaf. Actually, the leaves arise from a part of steam known as a node. The nodes
have some buds also which can be developed into new shoots. In other words, they
sprout if they get optimum conditions for their growth. Internodal portions
cannot produce a shoot. Money plants can be easily grown in a water bottle from
a stem cutting. But this stem cutting must have a node
Explain Activity 8.7 Class 10 Science
Object
- To observe different parts of a wet seed
Material required – Few seeds of Bengal
gram or chana, beaker, water, cloth.
Procedure - Soak a few seeds of Bengal gram (chana) and
keep them overnight. Drain the excess water and cover the seeds with a wet
cloth and leave them for a day. Keep them wet all the time. Remove the seed
coat and open the seed, and observe different parts. Compare your observation
with the figure.
Observation – When the brown seed coat is
removed two massive cotyledons could be seen. A small embryo having radicle and
plumule is found attached with cotyledons like a figure.
So
these are the NCERT NCERT Class 10 Science Book Activities Solutions
Chapter 8. You should also go through the following topics
1. NCERTSolutions Class 10 Science Chapter 8
2. MCQQuestions of Class 10 Science Chapter 8
3. ExtraQuestions of Class 10 Science Chapter 8
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